An updated meta-analysis of the relationship between glutathione S-transferase T1 null/presence gene polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer

Aim of Study: There were many reports published on the relationship between glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null/presence gene polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer in these years. In previous, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between GSTT1 null/presence gene polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer. This study was conducted to update it. Materials and Methods: The association studies were identified from PubMed and Cochrane Library on March 1, 2016. Results: Sixty-three reports were recruited into this meta-analysis for the association of null genotype of GSTT1 with lung cancer susceptibility, consisting of 21,220 patients with lung cancer and 21,496 controls. There was a marked association between GSTT1 null genotype and lung cancer risk in overall populations and in Asians (overall populations: Odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.07–1.28, P = 0.006; Asians: OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.23–1.62, P < 0.00001). However, GSTT1 null genotype was not associated with the risk of lung cancer in Caucasians, Brazilian population, and Africans. Conclusion: GSTT1 null genotype is associated with the lung cancer risk in overall populations and in Asians

Mitochondrial Damage due to Hypoxia and Its Forensic Significance / 法医学杂志

Mitochondria are the special organelle in eukaryotic cells. Their main functions are to synthesize energy required for cell activity by oxidative phosphorylation. Most of the oxygen absorbed by the body is consumed in the mitochondria. The precise diagnosis of mechanical asphyxia is one of the difficulties in forensic pathology practice. Forensic pathologists have been trying to find a reliable and sensitive marker for the diagnosis of mechanical asphyxia. Mitochondria are very sensitive to hypoxic environments, and the markers of mitochondrion damage can be used as a basis for the diagnosis of mechanical asphyxia. The purpose of this paper is to review the research progress on mitochondrial damage in hypoxic environments and to explore the possibility of using markers of mitochondrion damage in forensic pathological practice.

Research Progress on Age Estimation Based on DNA Methylation / 法医学杂志

Age estimation is of great significance in the fields of criminal investigation and forensic identification. It can provide the age information of individuals to judicial departments to facilitate the development of judicial work. In recent years, age estimation methods expanded from the morphological level to the molecular biology level. With the rapid development of epigenetics represented by DNA methylation, and the advancement of DNA methylation detection technology together with the detection platform, many age estimation methods based on DNA methylation biomarkers, or using several biological fluids, such as blood, blood stains, saliva, semen stains, etc. are developed. Currently, researches related to age estimation based on DNA methylation are relatively widely carried out. This paper summarizes the researches on age estimation based on DNA methylation, in order to provide references for related studies and forensic applications.

Adult Stature Estimation by Multiple Parameters of Body Torso Segment / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To promote the further research on body stature estimation and the innovative applications based on the distances between the anatomical landmarks on body torso surface.@*METHODS@#A specification for the collection of distances between the anatomical landmarks on body torso surface was established. The data of 933 cases of adult population in Yangtze River Delta region were collected. Multiple linear regression method was used to statistical analyse and establish the regression equation of stature estimation.@*RESULTS@#A regression equation about 5 variables including gender （x₁）, cervical vertebrae-coccyx line （x₂）, sterna-pubis line （x₃）, distance between acromion and iliospinale anterius （x₄） and shoulder breadth （x₅）, and stature （y） was established, y=105.406+5.414 x₁+0.436 x₂+0.286 x₃+0.225 x₄+ 0.193 x₅.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The method is suitable for the rapid, simple and accurate estimation of stature for the forensic experts.

Adult Stature Estimation by Multiple Parameters of Body Torso Segment / 法医学杂志

Objective T o prom ote the further research on body stature estim ation and the innovative ap-plications based on the distances betw een the anatom ical landm arks on body torso surface. Methods A specification for the collection of distances betw een the anatom ical landm arks on body torso surface w as established. T he data of 933 cases of adult population in Y angtze R iver D elta region w ere collected. M ultiple linear regression m ethod w as used to statistical analyse and establish the regression equation of stature estim ation. Results A regression equation about 5 variables including gender (x1), cervical verte-brae-coccyx line (x2), sterna-pubis line (x3), distance betw een acrom ion and iliospinale anterius (x4) and shoulder breadth (x5), and stature (y) w as established, y=105.406+5.414 x1+0.436 x2+0.286 x3+0.225 x4+0.193 x5. Conclusion T he m ethod is suitable for the rapid, sim ple and accurate estim ation of stature for the forensic experts.

Analysis of acute phase side-effects of diphosphonate treatment in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the acute phase adverse effects and influencing factors of adverse effects of diphosphonate treatment in the elderly patients with primary osteoporosis.Methods A total of 208 patients [male 25 patients,female 183 patients,age 60 ～ 93 with a average of (75.51 ± 7.73) years] with primary osteoporosis were selected from 1 Jan 2012 to 30 Nov 2015,admitted to Department of Geriatrics.According to the serious condition of osteoporosis and willingness of patients,208 patients were divided into zoledronic acid treatment group,alendronate treatment group,and pamidronic acid group,and received corresponding diphosphonate treatment.All kinds of adverse reactions of diphosphonate in each treatment group were closely to be observed after administration of diphosphonate in 3 days and 7 days.Results The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the zoledronic acid treatment group (59/134,44.03％;60/134,44.78％) was obviously higher than that in the alendronate treatment group (1/57,1.75％;1/57,1.75％),and the pamidronic acid group (3/17,17.65％;3/17,17.65％) after treatment of diphosphonate in three and seven days (P ＜ 0.05).In different generations,the incidence rate of adverse reactions in the zoledronic acid group and the pamidronic acid group after treatment of diphosphonate in three and seven days was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).There were three patients suffering from severe acute kidney injure (AKI) and three patients suffering from hypokalemia in the 134 patients treatment with zoledronic acid.Conclusions There are obvious differences in the incidence rate of acute phase adverse reactions in the osteoporosis patients who received different treatment policy (P ＜ 0.05).The safety issues in the kidney function and electrolyte abnormality (such as hypokalemia) should be paid much enough attention in the primary osteoporosis patients who receive zoledronic acid treatment.

Clinic value of different antiplatelet therapy policies in preventing and treating cardiovascular events in elderly patients with coronary heart disease / 中国综合临床

Objective To understand the use of antiplatelet drugs in patients with coronary heart disease( CHD) ,and to compare the effect of different anti platelet drugs on cardiovascular events in patients with CHD,and to provide clinical evidence for the optimization of anti platelet therapy?Methods One thousand and twenty?three cases patients with CHD who were treated in the First Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from April 2010 to June 2014 were chosen?On the basis of conventional treatment,according to the different anti platelet program,the patents were divided into A group(703 cases),B group(211 cases) and C group(109 cases)?Group A was treated with aspirin and clopidogrel,B group was treated with clopidogrel,and C group was given aspirin therapy?Cardiovascular events( MACE) and bleeding events were observed at 1 month,6 months and 1 year after treatment in the 3 groups?Results After treatment for 1 month,6 months and 1 year,the incidence rates of MACE in group A were 9?1%( 64/703) ,16?6%( 117/703) and 28?4%( 200/703) ,in group B were 14?6%(31/211),25?5%(54/211) and 37?9%(80/211),in group C were 16?5%(18/109),29?4%( 32/109) and 34?0%( 37/109)?After treatment for 1 month,6 months and 1 year,the incidence rates of MACE in group A was significantly lower than group B and C(P0?05)?There were no significant differences in total incidence of deaths,the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction and stent restenosis rate among the three groups ( P>0?05 )?After treatment for 1 month,6 months,the incidence of angina in group A was lower significantly than that in group B and C( P0?05)?At 1 year follow?up,the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in group A was slightly higher than that in group B and group C ( 4?3% vs? 2?4% vs?3?7%) , but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0?05 )?Conclusion In the CHD patients receiving aspirin and clopidogrel dual antiplatelet therapy,the incidence of MACE was lower than that in patients with aspirin or clopidogrel treatment alone, especially a reduction in the incidence of angina,and without increase of the risks in the gastrointestinal bleeding events,but the advantages above waning with treatment time extended to 1 year.

Correlation between age and general morphology of transverse section of cartilago costalis / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation between age and general morphology of transverse section of cartilago costalis and its forensic significance.@*METHODS@#Eighty-six corpses' cartilago costalis from the routine postmortem examination were collected and the morphological features of their transverse section were observed.@*RESULTS@#With the increased age, there were regular changes in the color, structure, and material of the general morphology of transverse section of cartilago costalis. But the changes were not affected by gender.@*CONCLUSION@#The good correlation between general morphology of transverse section of cartilago costalis and age can be used to estimate age of the deceased rapidly.

Costicartilage analysis inspection technology in the application of forensic medicine / 法医学杂志

The traditional costicartilage analysis inspection is limited to morphological inspection. In recent years, with the development of forensic radiology and molecular genetics, the costicartilage analysis inspection technology has been further enriched and developed. At present, the costicartilage analysis inspection technology have been able to be used in the practice of forensic medicine. This paper reviews the research advances about the costicartilage analysis inspection technology in the identification of human gender, age and so on in order to provide the references for forensic appraisers.